![]() ![]() The vestibular nerve joins the cochlear nerve entering the internal acoustic meatus, and from this point onward they are collectively called vestibulocochlear nerve. Their central axons form the main component of the cochlear nerve. These neurones receive information from hair cells in the Organ of Corti and travel within the osseous spiral lamina. Speciální otorinolaryngologie. - edition. 2005. 224 pp. ISBN 9788072623464.The spiral ganglion houses the cell bodies of the first order neurons (ganglion refers to a collection of cell bodies outside the central nervous system). Here we include adenoid vegetation, nasopharyngeal tumor, but also the supine position with flow and stagnation of secretions in the nasopharynx.įunctional obstruction arises as a result of permanent collapse of the walls of the tube due to their increased compliance or a pathological opening mechanism, or both factors. Or external, leading to external oppression of the lumen. For example, inflammation due to infection or allergies. Mechanical obstructions can be caused either by internal factors. Obstructive disorders can be mechanical and functional. ![]() Disturbances in the function of the tube are either obstructive, or on the contrary, they are disorders due to excessive " openness ". In adulthood, pathology in the area of the auditory tube can be one of the first symptoms of malignant expansion in the nasopharynx. protecting the middle ear from sounds and pharyngeal secretions. The protective function is given by separating the space of the middle ear cavity from the nasopharynx, i.e.This creates a negative pressure in the tube and creates a kind of pump between the middle ear and the nasopharynx. The cilia in the mucous membrane and the tensor veli palatini muscle participate in this through their contractions. The drainage function consists in transporting secretions from the middle ear to the nasopharynx.The tube fulfills the ventilation function by opening briefly during yawning, chewing and sneezing, and thus enables ventilation and equalization of the pressure of the middle ear cavity with atmospheric pressure.The basic functions of the tube include ventilation, drainage and protection of the middle ear. Maintains slightly negative pressure in the middle ear. In the normal state, the tube is closed due to the passive approximation of the tubal walls and the contraction of the elastic fibers. tensor veli palatini ) is responsible for actively opening the tube. The lumen is lined with cylindrical ciliated epithelium with an accumulation of mucous glands in the area of the pharyngeal opening, after reaching the middle ear cavity it becomes a mixed epithelium. The point of connection between the cartilaginous and bony parts is the narrowest point of the entire tube. The cartilaginous part makes up about ⅔ of the length of the tube and opens into the nasopharynx about 10 mm above the level of the hard palate. It is always patent in a healthy individual. The bony part forms the lateral third of the tube and begins with an oval opening above the floor of the middle ear cavity. The tube consists of a bony and cartilaginous part. In childhood, the tube is shorter, wider and less inclined relative to the base of the skull, these proportions change as the individual grows. Its lumen is approximately triangular in shape with an average width of 2 to 3 millimeters and forms an angle of 45° with the skull base. In adulthood, it is 3.5-4.5 cm long and has the shape of two funnels connected by narrow ends. ![]()
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